Standard library

The standard library lives in std/. The prelude is loaded automatically before every program. Other modules are loaded with import.

Prelude (auto-loaded)

Stack combinators

name	stack effect	description
`dup`	`a → a a`	named alias of `,`
`drop`	`a →`	named alias of `;`
`swap`	`a b → b a`	named alias of `~`
`over`	`a b → a b a`	named alias of `_`
`nip`	`a b → b`	drop second
`tuck`	`a b → b a b`	dup top, hide under second
`dup2`	`a b → a b a b`	dup pair
`rot`	`a b c → b c a`	rotate three
`id`	`a → a`	identity (no-op)

Predicates

name	stack effect	description
`zero`	`a → bool`	is zero
`even`	`a → bool`	is even
`odd`	`a → bool`	is odd
`ltz`	`a → bool`	less than zero
`gtz`	`a → bool`	greater than zero
`dvb`	`a b → bool`	a divisible by b

Logic

name	stack effect	description
`not`	`a → bool`	logical negation
`and`	`a b → bool`	logical and
`or`	`a b → bool`	logical or

Math

name	stack effect	description
`inc`	`a → a+1`	increment
`dec`	`a → a-1`	decrement
`sq`	`a → a*a`	square
`neg`	`a → -a`	negate
`abs`	`a →	a
`sum`	`[list] → n`	sum of a list
`prod`	`[list] → n`	product of a list
`iota`	`n → list`	`[0..n-1]`
`min`	`a b → m`	minimum
`max`	`a b → m`	maximum

Collections

name	stack effect	description
`hd`	`[list] → first`	head
`flat`	`[[..]] → [..]`	flatten one level
`apply`	`[args] (block) →`	splat args, then execute block

Misc

name	description
`dfl`	`val fallback dfl → val if truthy, fallback otherwise`
`peek`	`a → a` (also prints `a`) — debugging aid

`std/math.ezc`

"std/math.ezc" import

name	stack effect	description
`fact`	`n → n!`	factorial
`fib`	`n → fib(n)`	nth Fibonacci
`gcd`	`a b → g`	Euclidean GCD
`pow2`	`b e → b^e`	integer power for any width
`clamp`	`v lo hi → v'`	clamp to range
`sgn`	`n → -1\|0\|1`	signum

`std/str.ezc`

"std/str.ezc" import

name	stack effect	description
`rep`	`s n → s'`	repeat string n times
`padl`	`s w c → s'`	pad-left to width with char
`has`	`s sub → bool`	contains substring
`starts`	`s pre → bool`	starts with prefix
`ends`	`s suf → bool`	ends with suffix